Which technologies are primarily involved in front-end web development?

The correct choice encompasses the essential technologies that directly influence the visual and interactive aspects of a website, making it integral to front-end web development. HTML5 serves as the foundational building block by providing the structure of web pages, defining elements like headings, paragraphs, and links. CSS3 is critical for styling those elements, allowing developers to control layout, colors, fonts, and overall visual presentation, thus enhancing the user experience. JavaScript adds interactivity to web pages, enabling dynamic content updates and user engagement through features like form validation and interactive elements. AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) complements these technologies by allowing webpages to send and retrieve data asynchronously without needing to refresh the page, which leads to a more seamless and responsive user experience.

The other options focus on back-end technologies or frameworks that are primarily used for server-side programming rather than for creating the client-side interface that users interact with directly. While they are vital in full-stack development, they are not part of the core technologies involved in front-end web development, which is why they do not represent the answer to the question.