Which of the following is NOT a function of a DBMS?

A Database Management System (DBMS) plays a crucial role in managing and manipulating databases, and its primary functions revolve around efficient data handling. The functions of a DBMS include data storage, data retrieval, and data update.

Data storage refers to the ability of a DBMS to save data in a structured way, allowing for efficient access and management. Data retrieval involves the process of querying the stored data to fetch the required information based on user requests. The data update function allows modifications—such as adding, deleting, or modifying data within the database—to reflect current and accurate information.

While data encryption is an important aspect of database security, it is not a direct function of a DBMS in the same way that storage, retrieval, and update are. Encryption typically involves additional security mechanisms that can be implemented to protect data, but it is not a core function that all DBMS systems are responsible for providing. Thus, identifying data encryption as the option that does not align with the foundational functions of a DBMS is accurate.